The Davis-Stirling Act is an important piece of legislation that governs Homeowners' Associations (HOAs) in California. It was initially passed in 1985 and was designed to provide HOAs with substantial authority to regulate and manage their common-interest developments. HOAs are typically non-profit organizations that are responsible for managing and enforcing the rules of a residential development or neighborhood. The Act provides guidance to HOAs on a variety of topics, including the formation and governance of the association; the rights and responsibilities of members; the collection of dues and other assessments; maintenance, repair, and replacement of common areas; and dispute resolution mechanisms.
The Act also addresses the enforcement of rules and regulations, the use of reserve funds, and the election of board members. It is a comprehensive set of guidelines that are intended to provide HOAs with a clear set of rules to follow and to ensure that the rights of all members are respected and protected. The Act has been amended several times since its initial passage and continues to be updated to reflect the changing needs of HOAs in California.
The Davis-Stirling Act is composed of eleven Chapters, with each Chapter containing several Articles.
Chapter 7 - Finances.
Chapter 8 - Assessments and Assessment Collection.
Chapter 9 - Insurance and Liability.
Chapter 10 - Dispute Resolution and Enforcement.
Chapter 11 - Construction Defect Litigation.
Article 1 - Preliminary Provisions [4000 - 4070] | |
---|---|
Section Name | Section Number |
Title of act | § 4000 |
Scope, meaning or intent of act | § 4005 |
Document prepared or action taken before effective date not invalidated | § 4010 |
Construction of local zoning ordinance | § 4020 |
Document required to be delivered to association | § 4035 |
Delivery of document by individual delivery or individual notice (§ 4040) | § 4040 |
Written notice to association | § 4041 |
Act requiring general delivery or general notice | § 4045 |
Document delivered by mail or electronic means | § 4050 |
Electronic delivery satisfies writing requirement | § 4055 |
Approval of act by majority of members | § 4065 |
Approval of act by majority of quorum of members | § 4070 | Article 2. Definitions [4075 - 4190] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Generally | § 4075 |
Annual budget report | § 4076 |
Annual policy statement | § 4078 |
Association | § 4080 |
Board | § 4085 |
Board meeting | § 4090 |
Common area | § 4095 |
Common interest development | § 4100 |
Community apartment project | § 4105 |
Community service organization or similar entity | § 4110 |
Condominium plan | § 4120 |
Condominium project | § 4125 |
Declarant | § 4130 |
Declaration | § 4135 |
Director | § 4140 |
Exclusive use common area | § 4145 |
General notice | § 4148 |
Governing documents | § 4150 |
Individual notice | § 4153 |
Item of business | § 4155 |
Managing agent | § 4158 |
Member | § 4160 |
Person | § 4170 |
Planned development | § 4175 |
Reserve accounts | § 4177 |
Reserve account requirements | § 4178 |
Separate interest | § 4185 |
Stock cooperative | § 4190 | Chapter 2. Application of Act |
Section Name | Section Number |
Creation of common interest development | § 4200 |
Inapplicability to development without common area | § 4201 |
Inapplicability to commercial or industrial development | § 4202 | Chapter 3 - Governing Documents | Article 1. General Provisions [4205 - 4235] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Conflicts between documents | § 4205 |
Statement identifying relevant information for association | § 4210 |
Liberal construction of deed, declaration or condominium plan | § 4215 |
Physical boundaries of unit or condominium project | § 4220 |
Restrictive covenants | § 4225 |
Deletion from governing documents provisions designed to facilitate developer in completing construction or marketing | § 4230 |
Amendment of governing documents to correct reference to Davis-Stirling Common Interest Development Act | § 4235 | Article 2. Declaration [4250 - 4275] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Content requirements | § 4250 |
Development located within airport influence area | § 4255 |
Amendment if declaration fails to include provisions permitting amendment | § 4260 |
Extension of declaration before termination date | § 4265 |
Requirements for amendment to be effective | § 4270 |
Procedure for amending declaration | § 4275 | Article 3. Articles of Incorporation [4280- 4280.] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Statement included in articles | § 4280 | Article 4. Condominium Plan [4285 - 4295] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Content requirements | § 4285 |
Certificate consenting to recordation of plan | § 4290 |
Amendment or revocation | § 4295 | Article 5. Operating Rules [4340 - 4370] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Definitions | § 4340 |
Requirements | § 4350 |
Applicability of sections 4360 and 4365 | § 4355 |
Proposed rule change | § 4360 |
Reversal of rule change | § 4365 |
Applicability to rule change on or after January 1, 2004 | § 4370 | Chapter 4. Ownership and Transfer of Interests | Article 1. Ownership Rights and Interests [4500 - 4515] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Ownership of common area | § 4500 |
Rights of ingress, egress and support | § 4505 |
Restricting access to owner's separate interest | § 4510 |
Rights of members and residents of common interest developments | § 4515 | Article 2. Transfer Disclosure [4525 - 4545] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Documents provided purchaser of separate interest before transfer of title or execution of sales contract | § 4525 |
Form for billing disclosures | § 4528 |
Providing owner of separate interest copy of documents | § 4530 |
Compliance with sections 1133 and 1134 | § 4535 |
Liability of person willfully violating article | § 4540 |
Validity of title to real property transferred in violation of article | § 4545 | Article 3. Transfer Fee [4575 - 4580] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Assessment, penalty or fee imposed in connection to transfer | § 4575 |
Services provided under declaration of trust | § 4580 | Article 4. Restrictions on Transfer [4600 - 4620] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Vote required for granting exclusive use of common area by member | § 4600 |
Civil action for declaratory or equitable relief for violation of section 4600; attorney's fees and costs, civil penalty | § 4605 |
Partition | § 4610 |
Lien for labor performed or services or materials furnished | § 4615 |
Notice to members of lien | § 4620 | Article 5. Transfer of Separate Interest [4625 - 4650] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Community apartment project | § 4625 |
Condominium project | § 4630 |
Planned development | § 4635 |
Stock cooperative | § 4640 |
Transfer of exclusive use areas | § 4645 |
Restrictions upon severability of component interest | § 4650 | Chapter 5. Property Use and Maintenance | Article 1. Protected Uses [4700 - 4753] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Generally | § 4700 |
Display of United States flag | § 4705 |
Restrictions on display of religious items on entry door | § 4706 |
Posting or displaying noncommercial signs, posters flags or banners | § 4710 |
Pets | § 4715 |
Fire retardant roof | § 4720 |
Installation or use of video or television antenna including satellite dish | § 4725 |
Restricting owner's ability to market owner's interest | § 4730 |
Water use | § 4735 |
Provisions in governing documents regarding pressure washing | § 4736 |
Rental or leasing of separate interests | § 4740 |
Common interest development | § 4741 |
Installation of electric vehicle charging station | § 4745 |
Prohibitions or restrictions on installation or use of electric vehicle charging stations within owner's unit or of an EV-dedicated TOU meter void | § 4745.1 |
Review of requests to install solar system on multifamily common area roof | § 4746 |
Certain covenants, restrictions, and conditions void and unenforceable | § 4747 |
Unreasonable restriction on personal agriculture | § 4750 |
Prohibited restrictions on transfer or sale of any interest in a planned development | § 4751 |
Prohibitions regarding use of clotheslines or drying racks; enforceability | § 4753 | Article 2. Modification of Separate Interest [4760 - 4765] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Improvements or alterations within boundaries of separate interest; facilitating access to disabled | § 4760 |
Requirements in approving or disapproving physical change to separate interest | § 4765 | Article 3. Maintenance [4775 - 4790] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Responsibility for repair, replacing or maintaining common area, maintaining separate interest; costs of temporary relocation | § 4775 |
Notice for application of pesticide | § 4777 |
Repair or maintenance occasioned by wood-destroying pests or organisms | § 4780 |
Temporary summary removal as necessary for treatment of wood-destroying pests or organisms | § 4785 |
Maintaining internal and external telephone wiring | § 4790 | Chapter 6. Association Governance | Article 1. Association Existence and Powers [4800 - 4820] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Generally | § 4800 |
Exercise of powers granted to nonprofit mutual benefit corporation | § 4805 |
Consolidation of functions under joint neighborhood association or similar organization | § 4820 | Article 2. Board Meeting [4900 - 4955] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Title of act | § 4900 |
Taking action on item outside of meeting prohibited; meeting via electronic transmission prohibited | § 4910 |
Notice of meeting; emergency meeting | § 4920 |
Calling emergency meeting | § 4923 |
Members entitled to attend; teleconference meetings; member permitted to speak at meeting | § 4925 |
Placement of item on agenda required for board discussion; exceptions | § 4930 |
Executive sessions | § 4935 |
Availability of minutes to members | § 4950 |
Civil action for declaratory or equitable relief for violation; attorney's fees and costs, civil penalty | § 4955 | Article 3. Member Meeting [5000- 5000] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Generally | § 5000 | Article 4. Member Election [5100 - 5145] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Generally | § 5100 |
Election by acclamation | § 5103 |
Adoption of rules | § 5105 |
Inspectors of elections | § 5110 |
Nominations; voting | § 5115 |
Counting and tabulating votes | § 5120 |
Custody of sealed ballots; recount | § 5125 |
Proxies | § 5130 |
Funds of association used for campaign purposes prohibited | § 5135 |
Civil action for violation | § 5145 | Article 5. Record Inspection [5200 - 5240] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Definitions | § 5200 |
Inspection and copying of records members | § 5205 |
Time periods for inspection and granting access | § 5210 |
Withholding or redacting information | § 5215 |
Safe at Home program: homeowners' associations | § 5216 |
Opt out of sharing member's name, property address, email address, and mailing address | § 5220 |
Requesting membership list | § 5225 |
Selling or using for commercial purposes | § 5230 |
Action to enforce right to inspect and copy | § 5235 |
Applicability of article | § 5240 | Article 6. Recordkeeping [5260 - 5260] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Requests delivered in writing to association | § 5260 | Article 7. Annual Reports [5300 - 5320] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Annual budget report | § 5300 |
Review of financial statement of association | § 5305 |
Annual policy statement | § 5310 |
Delivery of report to members | § 5320 | Article 8. Conflict of Interest [5350 - 5350] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Applicability of Corporations Code provisions to contracts; matters director or member not to vote on | § 5350 | Article 9. Managing Agent [5375 - 5385] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Statement provided by prospective managing agent to board | § 5375 |
Disclosure of conflicts of interest | § 5375.5 |
Delivery of disclosures | § 5376 |
Deposit of funds into trust fund; deposit into interest-bearing account; commingling funds | § 5380 |
Full-time employee not managing agent | § 5385 | Article 10. Government Assistance [5400 - 5405] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Online education course for board | § 5400 |
[Operative Until 1/1/2023] Information concerning association and development submitted to Secretary of State | § 5405 |
[Operative 1/1/2023] Information concerning association and development submitted to Secretary of State | § 5405 | Article 11. Emergency Powers and Procedures [5450 - 5450] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Emergency powers and procedures | § 5450 | Chapter 7. Finances | Article 1. Accounting [5500 - 5502] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Duties of board | § 5500 |
Review requirements | § 5501 |
Transfers from reserve or operating accounts | § 5502 | Article 2. Use of Reserve Funds [5510 - 5520] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Signatures required to withdraw funds; uses of funds allowed | § 5510 |
Temporary transfer of funds to general operating fund | § 5515 |
Notice of use of fund to pay for litigation expenses; accounting of expenses | § 5520 | Article 3. Reserve Planning [5550 - 5580] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Inspection of accessible areas as part of study of reserve account requirements | § 5550 |
Visual inspection of exterior elevated elements by structural engineer or architect | § 5551 |
Adoption of plan; assessment increase | § 5560 |
Summary of reserves requirements | § 5565 |
Assessment and reserve funding disclosure summary | § 5570 |
Report describing administrative costs and identification of payees of costs | § 5580 | Chapter 8. Assessments and Assessment Collection | Article 1. Establishment and Imposition of Assessments [5600 - 5625] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Generally | § 5600 |
Annual increase in regular assessments | § 5605 |
Assessment increase necessary for emergency situations | § 5610 |
Notice to members of increase | § 5615 |
Exemption of regular assessment from execution by judgment creditor | § 5620 |
Levy of assessments based on taxable value of separate interests | § 5625 | Article 2. Assessment Payment and Delinquency [5650 - 5690] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Debt of owner of separate interest; delinquent assessments | § 5650 |
Application of payments made by owner; receipt for payment; mailing address for overnight payments | § 5655 |
Disputed charge or sum levied | § 5658 |
Notice prior to recording lien | § 5660 |
Meeting with board to discuss payment plan | § 5665 |
Dispute resolution pursuant to meet and confer program | § 5670 |
Decision to record lien made by board | § 5673 |
Lien on owner's separate interest in common interest development | § 5675 |
Priority of lien created pursuant to section 5675 | § 5680 |
Recording lien release or notice of rescission | § 5685 |
Failure of association to comply with article's procedures | § 5690 | Article 3. Assessment Collection [5700 - 5740] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Generally | § 5700 |
Dispute resolution prior to foreclosure; decision to initiate foreclosure; notice | § 5705 |
Sale by trustee; notice of default; trustee's fees | § 5710 |
Right of redemption | § 5715 |
Collection of debt amounting to less than $1,000 | § 5720 |
Lien of monetary charge imposed for association's costs in repair of damage to common area | § 5725 |
Notice of assessments and foreclosure in annual policy statement | § 5730 |
Assignment or pledge of association's right to collect payments or assessments | § 5735 |
Law governing lien created before January 1, 2003 | § 5740 | Chapter 9. Insurance and Liability |
Section Name | Section Number |
Liability of volunteer officer or volunteer director | § 5800 |
Action in tort against owner of separate interest arising by reason ownership interest in common area | § 5805 |
Fidelity bond coverage | § 5806 |
Notice of lapse, cancellation or nonrenewal, restoration or replacement of policies | § 5810 | Chapter 10. Dispute Resolution and Enforcement | Article 1. Discipline and Cost Reimbursement [5850 - 5865] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Schedule of monetary penalties | § 5850 |
Notice of meeting to consider imposing discipline or monetary charge on member; imposition of discipline or monetary charge | § 5855 |
Imposition of monetary charge for violation of governing documents | § 5865 | Article 2. Internal Dispute Resolution [5900 - 5920] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Applicability of article | § 5900 |
Fair, reasonable and expeditious procedure provided for resolving disputes | § 5905 |
Requirements of dispute resolution procedure | § 5910 |
Civil action where member has requested dispute resolution | § 5910.1 |
Procedure when association does not provide for dispute resolution procedure | § 5915 |
Annual policy statement to include description of process | § 5920 | Article 3. Alternative Dispute Resolution Prerequisite to Civil Action [5925 - 5965] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Definitions | § 5925 |
Submission of dispute to dispute resolution before filing enforcement action in superior court | § 5930 |
Service of request for resolution | § 5935 |
Time for completion of dispute resolution; form of resolution; costs | § 5940 |
Tolling of time limitation for commencement of enforcement action | § 5945 |
Certificate filed with initial pleading at time of commencing enforcement action | § 5950 |
Referral of enforcement action to dispute resolution | § 5955 |
Refusal to participate in dispute resolution considered in awarding attorney's fees and costs | § 5960 |
Summary of article's provisions provided members annually | § 5965 | Article 4. Civil Action [5975 - 5986] |
Section Name | Section Number |
Covenants and restriction enforceable equitable servitudes | § 5975 |
Association's standing | § 5980 |
Comparative fault | § 5985 |
Standing for association to institute, defend, settle, or intervene in litigation, arbitration, mediation, or administrative proceedings without joining with its members | § 5986 | Chapter 11. Construction Defect Litigation |
Section Name | Section Number |
Requirements before association files complaint | § 6000 |
Notice and disclosure to members that matter resolved | § 6100 |
Notice to members of meeting to discuss filing civil action | § 6150 |