The Davis-Stirling Act is an important piece of legislation that governs Homeowners' Associations (HOAs) in California. It was initially passed in 1985 and was designed to provide HOAs with substantial authority to regulate and manage their common-interest developments. HOAs are typically non-profit organizations that are responsible for managing and enforcing the rules of a residential development or neighborhood. The Act provides guidance to HOAs on a variety of topics, including the formation and governance of the association; the rights and responsibilities of members; the collection of dues and other assessments; maintenance, repair, and replacement of common areas; and dispute resolution mechanisms.

The Act also addresses the enforcement of rules and regulations, the use of reserve funds, and the election of board members. It is a comprehensive set of guidelines that are intended to provide HOAs with a clear set of rules to follow and to ensure that the rights of all members are respected and protected. The Act has been amended several times since its initial passage and continues to be updated to reflect the changing needs of HOAs in California.

The Davis-Stirling Act is composed of eleven Chapters, with each Chapter containing several Articles.

Chapter 1 - General Provisions

 

Article 1 - Preliminary Provisions [4000 - 4070]

Section NameSection Number
Title of act§ 4000
Scope, meaning or intent of act§ 4005
Document prepared or action taken before effective date not invalidated§ 4010
Construction of local zoning ordinance§ 4020
Document required to be delivered to association§ 4035
Delivery of document by individual delivery or individual notice (§ 4040)§ 4040
Written notice to association§ 4041
Act requiring general delivery or general notice§ 4045
Document delivered by mail or electronic means§ 4050
Electronic delivery satisfies writing requirement§ 4055
Approval of act by majority of members§ 4065
Approval of act by majority of quorum of members§ 4070
 

Article 2. Definitions [4075 - 4190]

Section NameSection Number
Generally§ 4075
Annual budget report§ 4076
Annual policy statement§ 4078
Association§ 4080
Board§ 4085
Board meeting§ 4090
Common area§ 4095
Common interest development§ 4100
Community apartment project§ 4105
Community service organization or similar entity§ 4110
Condominium plan§ 4120
Condominium project§ 4125
Declarant§ 4130
Declaration§ 4135
Director§ 4140
Exclusive use common area§ 4145
General notice§ 4148
Governing documents§ 4150
Individual notice§ 4153
Item of business§ 4155
Managing agent§ 4158
Member§ 4160
Person§ 4170
Planned development§ 4175
Reserve accounts§ 4177
Reserve account requirements§ 4178
Separate interest§ 4185
Stock cooperative§ 4190
 

Chapter 2. Application of Act

Section NameSection Number
Creation of common interest development§ 4200
Inapplicability to development without common area§ 4201
Inapplicability to commercial or industrial development§ 4202
 

Chapter 3 - Governing Documents

Article 1. General Provisions [4205 - 4235]

Section NameSection Number
Conflicts between documents§ 4205
Statement identifying relevant information for association§ 4210
Liberal construction of deed, declaration or condominium plan§ 4215
Physical boundaries of unit or condominium project§ 4220
Restrictive covenants§ 4225
Deletion from governing documents provisions designed to facilitate developer in completing construction or marketing§ 4230
Amendment of governing documents to correct reference to Davis-Stirling Common Interest Development Act§ 4235
 

Article 2. Declaration [4250 - 4275]

Section NameSection Number
Content requirements§ 4250
Development located within airport influence area§ 4255
Amendment if declaration fails to include provisions permitting amendment§ 4260
Extension of declaration before termination date§ 4265
Requirements for amendment to be effective§ 4270
Procedure for amending declaration§ 4275
 

Article 3. Articles of Incorporation [4280- 4280.]

Section NameSection Number
Statement included in articles§ 4280
 

Article 4. Condominium Plan [4285 - 4295]

Section NameSection Number
Content requirements§ 4285
Certificate consenting to recordation of plan§ 4290
Amendment or revocation§ 4295
 

Article 5. Operating Rules [4340 - 4370]

Section NameSection Number
Definitions§ 4340
Requirements§ 4350
Applicability of sections 4360 and 4365§ 4355
Proposed rule change§ 4360
Reversal of rule change§ 4365
Applicability to rule change on or after January 1, 2004§ 4370
 

Chapter 4. Ownership and Transfer of Interests

Article 1. Ownership Rights and Interests [4500 - 4515]

Section NameSection Number
Ownership of common area§ 4500
Rights of ingress, egress and support§ 4505
Restricting access to owner's separate interest§ 4510
Rights of members and residents of common interest developments§ 4515
 

Article 2. Transfer Disclosure [4525 - 4545]

Section NameSection Number
Documents provided purchaser of separate interest before transfer of title or execution of sales contract§ 4525
Form for billing disclosures§ 4528
Providing owner of separate interest copy of documents§ 4530
Compliance with sections 1133 and 1134§ 4535
Liability of person willfully violating article§ 4540
Validity of title to real property transferred in violation of article§ 4545
 

Article 3. Transfer Fee [4575 - 4580]

Section NameSection Number
Assessment, penalty or fee imposed in connection to transfer§ 4575
Services provided under declaration of trust§ 4580
 

Article 4. Restrictions on Transfer [4600 - 4620]

Section NameSection Number
Vote required for granting exclusive use of common area by member§ 4600
Civil action for declaratory or equitable relief for violation of section 4600; attorney's fees and costs, civil penalty§ 4605
Partition§ 4610
Lien for labor performed or services or materials furnished§ 4615
Notice to members of lien§ 4620
 

Article 5. Transfer of Separate Interest [4625 - 4650]

Section NameSection Number
Community apartment project§ 4625
Condominium project§ 4630
Planned development§ 4635
Stock cooperative§ 4640
Transfer of exclusive use areas§ 4645
Restrictions upon severability of component interest§ 4650
 

Chapter 5. Property Use and Maintenance

Article 1. Protected Uses [4700 - 4753]

Section NameSection Number
Generally§ 4700
Display of United States flag§ 4705
Restrictions on display of religious items on entry door§ 4706
Posting or displaying noncommercial signs, posters flags or banners§ 4710
Pets§ 4715
Fire retardant roof§ 4720
Installation or use of video or television antenna including satellite dish§ 4725
Restricting owner's ability to market owner's interest§ 4730
Water use§ 4735
Provisions in governing documents regarding pressure washing§ 4736
Rental or leasing of separate interests§ 4740
Common interest development§ 4741
Installation of electric vehicle charging station§ 4745
Prohibitions or restrictions on installation or use of electric vehicle charging stations within owner's unit or of an EV-dedicated TOU meter void§ 4745.1
Review of requests to install solar system on multifamily common area roof§ 4746
Certain covenants, restrictions, and conditions void and unenforceable§ 4747
Unreasonable restriction on personal agriculture§ 4750
Prohibited restrictions on transfer or sale of any interest in a planned development§ 4751
Prohibitions regarding use of clotheslines or drying racks; enforceability§ 4753
 

Article 2. Modification of Separate Interest [4760 - 4765]

Section NameSection Number
Improvements or alterations within boundaries of separate interest; facilitating access to disabled§ 4760
Requirements in approving or disapproving physical change to separate interest§ 4765
 

Article 3. Maintenance [4775 - 4790]

Section NameSection Number
Responsibility for repair, replacing or maintaining common area, maintaining separate interest; costs of temporary relocation§ 4775
Notice for application of pesticide§ 4777
Repair or maintenance occasioned by wood-destroying pests or organisms§ 4780
Temporary summary removal as necessary for treatment of wood-destroying pests or organisms§ 4785
Maintaining internal and external telephone wiring§ 4790
 

Chapter 6. Association Governance

Article 1. Association Existence and Powers [4800 - 4820]

Section NameSection Number
Generally§ 4800
Exercise of powers granted to nonprofit mutual benefit corporation§ 4805
Consolidation of functions under joint neighborhood association or similar organization§ 4820
 

Article 2. Board Meeting [4900 - 4955]

Section NameSection Number
Title of act§ 4900
Taking action on item outside of meeting prohibited; meeting via electronic transmission prohibited§ 4910
Notice of meeting; emergency meeting§ 4920
Calling emergency meeting§ 4923
Members entitled to attend; teleconference meetings; member permitted to speak at meeting§ 4925
Placement of item on agenda required for board discussion; exceptions§ 4930
Executive sessions§ 4935
Availability of minutes to members§ 4950
Civil action for declaratory or equitable relief for violation; attorney's fees and costs, civil penalty§ 4955
 

Article 3. Member Meeting [5000- 5000]

Section NameSection Number
Generally§ 5000
 

Article 4. Member Election [5100 - 5145]

Section NameSection Number
Generally§ 5100
Election by acclamation§ 5103
Adoption of rules§ 5105
Inspectors of elections§ 5110
Nominations; voting§ 5115
Counting and tabulating votes§ 5120
Custody of sealed ballots; recount§ 5125
Proxies§ 5130
Funds of association used for campaign purposes prohibited§ 5135
Civil action for violation§ 5145
 

Article 5. Record Inspection [5200 - 5240]

Section NameSection Number
Definitions§ 5200
Inspection and copying of records members§ 5205
Time periods for inspection and granting access§ 5210
Withholding or redacting information§ 5215
Safe at Home program: homeowners' associations§ 5216
Opt out of sharing member's name, property address, email address, and mailing address§ 5220
Requesting membership list§ 5225
Selling or using for commercial purposes§ 5230
Action to enforce right to inspect and copy§ 5235
Applicability of article§ 5240
 

Article 6. Recordkeeping [5260 - 5260]

Section NameSection Number
Requests delivered in writing to association§ 5260
 

Article 7. Annual Reports [5300 - 5320]

Section NameSection Number
Annual budget report§ 5300
Review of financial statement of association§ 5305
Annual policy statement§ 5310
Delivery of report to members§ 5320
 

Article 8. Conflict of Interest [5350 - 5350]

Section NameSection Number
Applicability of Corporations Code provisions to contracts; matters director or member not to vote on§ 5350
 

Article 9. Managing Agent [5375 - 5385]

Section NameSection Number
Statement provided by prospective managing agent to board§ 5375
Disclosure of conflicts of interest§ 5375.5
Delivery of disclosures§ 5376
Deposit of funds into trust fund; deposit into interest-bearing account; commingling funds§ 5380
Full-time employee not managing agent§ 5385
 

Article 10. Government Assistance [5400 - 5405]

Section NameSection Number
Online education course for board§ 5400
[Operative Until 1/1/2023] Information concerning association and development submitted to Secretary of State§ 5405
[Operative 1/1/2023] Information concerning association and development submitted to Secretary of State§ 5405
 

Article 11. Emergency Powers and Procedures [5450 - 5450]

Section NameSection Number
Emergency powers and procedures§ 5450
 

Chapter 7. Finances

Article 1. Accounting [5500 - 5502]

Section NameSection Number
Duties of board§ 5500
Review requirements§ 5501
Transfers from reserve or operating accounts§ 5502
 

Article 2. Use of Reserve Funds [5510 - 5520]

Section NameSection Number
Signatures required to withdraw funds; uses of funds allowed§ 5510
Temporary transfer of funds to general operating fund§ 5515
Notice of use of fund to pay for litigation expenses; accounting of expenses§ 5520
 

Article 3. Reserve Planning [5550 - 5580]

Section NameSection Number
Inspection of accessible areas as part of study of reserve account requirements§ 5550
Visual inspection of exterior elevated elements by structural engineer or architect§ 5551
Adoption of plan; assessment increase§ 5560
Summary of reserves requirements§ 5565
Assessment and reserve funding disclosure summary§ 5570
Report describing administrative costs and identification of payees of costs§ 5580
 

Chapter 8. Assessments and Assessment Collection

Article 1. Establishment and Imposition of Assessments [5600 - 5625]

Section NameSection Number
Generally§ 5600
Annual increase in regular assessments§ 5605
Assessment increase necessary for emergency situations§ 5610
Notice to members of increase§ 5615
Exemption of regular assessment from execution by judgment creditor§ 5620
Levy of assessments based on taxable value of separate interests§ 5625
 

Article 2. Assessment Payment and Delinquency [5650 - 5690]

Section NameSection Number
Debt of owner of separate interest; delinquent assessments§ 5650
Application of payments made by owner; receipt for payment; mailing address for overnight payments§ 5655
Disputed charge or sum levied§ 5658
Notice prior to recording lien§ 5660
Meeting with board to discuss payment plan§ 5665
Dispute resolution pursuant to meet and confer program§ 5670
Decision to record lien made by board§ 5673
Lien on owner's separate interest in common interest development§ 5675
Priority of lien created pursuant to section 5675§ 5680
Recording lien release or notice of rescission§ 5685
Failure of association to comply with article's procedures§ 5690
 

Article 3. Assessment Collection [5700 - 5740]

Section NameSection Number
Generally§ 5700
Dispute resolution prior to foreclosure; decision to initiate foreclosure; notice§ 5705
Sale by trustee; notice of default; trustee's fees§ 5710
Right of redemption§ 5715
Collection of debt amounting to less than $1,000§ 5720
Lien of monetary charge imposed for association's costs in repair of damage to common area§ 5725
Notice of assessments and foreclosure in annual policy statement§ 5730
Assignment or pledge of association's right to collect payments or assessments§ 5735
Law governing lien created before January 1, 2003§ 5740
 

Chapter 9. Insurance and Liability

Section NameSection Number
Liability of volunteer officer or volunteer director§ 5800
Action in tort against owner of separate interest arising by reason ownership interest in common area§ 5805
Fidelity bond coverage§ 5806
Notice of lapse, cancellation or nonrenewal, restoration or replacement of policies§ 5810
 

Chapter 10. Dispute Resolution and Enforcement

Article 1. Discipline and Cost Reimbursement [5850 - 5865]

Section NameSection Number
Schedule of monetary penalties§ 5850
Notice of meeting to consider imposing discipline or monetary charge on member; imposition of discipline or monetary charge§ 5855
Imposition of monetary charge for violation of governing documents§ 5865
 

Article 2. Internal Dispute Resolution [5900 - 5920]

Section NameSection Number
Applicability of article§ 5900
Fair, reasonable and expeditious procedure provided for resolving disputes§ 5905
Requirements of dispute resolution procedure§ 5910
Civil action where member has requested dispute resolution§ 5910.1
Procedure when association does not provide for dispute resolution procedure§ 5915
Annual policy statement to include description of process§ 5920
 

Article 3. Alternative Dispute Resolution Prerequisite to Civil Action [5925 - 5965]

Section NameSection Number
Definitions§ 5925
Submission of dispute to dispute resolution before filing enforcement action in superior court§ 5930
Service of request for resolution§ 5935
Time for completion of dispute resolution; form of resolution; costs§ 5940
Tolling of time limitation for commencement of enforcement action§ 5945
Certificate filed with initial pleading at time of commencing enforcement action§ 5950
Referral of enforcement action to dispute resolution§ 5955
Refusal to participate in dispute resolution considered in awarding attorney's fees and costs§ 5960
Summary of article's provisions provided members annually§ 5965
 

Article 4. Civil Action [5975 - 5986]

Section NameSection Number
Covenants and restriction enforceable equitable servitudes§ 5975
Association's standing§ 5980
Comparative fault§ 5985
Standing for association to institute, defend, settle, or intervene in litigation, arbitration, mediation, or administrative proceedings without joining with its members§ 5986
 

Chapter 11. Construction Defect Litigation

Section NameSection Number
Requirements before association files complaint§ 6000
Notice and disclosure to members that matter resolved§ 6100
Notice to members of meeting to discuss filing civil action§ 6150

 

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