HOA LAWS AND REGULATIONS
Federal laws - In addition to state law regulations, the federal government has laws that govern the operation of homeowners' associations, condominiums, and other residential properties in the state of Vermont.
Vermont Condominium Ownership Act, Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 27, § 1301, et seq.: This older statute governs the formation, management, and operation of condominium associations that expressly elect to be governed by the Act by recording a declaration with the county recorder of the county where the condominium project is located. See § 1303 (Application of chapter).
Vermont Common Interest Ownership Act, Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 27A, §1-101, et seq.: The VCIOA governs the formation, management, powers, and operation of all common interest communities (condominiums and planned communities) created after the statute's effective date of January 1, 1999. § 1-201 (New common interest communities). Some, but not all, sections of the VCIOA apply retroactively to common interest communities created before January 1, 1999; other sections of the VCIOA apply "only to events and circumstances occurring after December 31, 2011. § 1-204(a)(1)-(2) (Preexisting common interest communities). See also, § 1-103 (Definitions), and § 1-203 (Exception for small projects and limited expense liability planned communities).
Vermont Nonprofit Corporation Act, Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 11B, §1-101, et seq. The law governs the corporate structure and procedure of nonprofit corporations in Vermont. If a condominium or homeowners' association is organized as a nonprofit corporation, it will be governed by the Act. Visit the Vermont Secretary of State to find an association's corporation status.
Vermont Fair Housing and Public Accommodations Act ("FHPA"), Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. § 4500 et seq.: The law protects people's right to access all housing opportunities without discrimination based on race, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, marital status, religious creed, color, national origin, or disability of a person, or because a person intends to occupy a dwelling with one or more minor children, or because a person is a recipient of public assistance, or because a person is a victim of abuse, sexual assault, or stalking. See § 4503 (Unfair housing practices). See also, § 4501 (Definitions), § 4504 (Rental of housing; exemptions).
These state-level protections are similar to the federal Fair Housing Act (FHA) and the Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA). Victims of housing discrimination may file a complaint with the Vermont Human Rights Commission, HUD, or file a private lawsuit in federal or state court.
Recommended Reading:
Vermont Consumer Fraud Act, Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 9 §§ 2451, et seq.: The Act regulates debt collection practices at the state level and is very similar to the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA). The Act prohibits unfair or deceptive acts or practices regardless of whether the debt is collected by the creditor, an attorney, or a third-party collection agency. See § 2453 (Practices prohibited; antitrust and consumer protection). See also, Vermont's Consumer Fraud Rules, 06-031-004 Vt. Code R. § 104.01, et seq. (Debt Collection Regulations). The Act is administered by the Office of the Vermont Attorney General.
GOVERNMENT AGENCIES
Federal Agencies - List of federal agencies with oversight authority over homeowners' associations.
Vermont Government Portal - Search for government information by topic and agency.
Vermont Human Rights Commission - The Commission has the authority to investigate alleged violations of housing discrimination. It may issue a charge if it concludes probable cause exists to believe that unlawful discrimination has occurred.
Vermont Real Estate Commission - The Commission is responsible for the licensure, education, and discipline of real estate brokers and salespersons.
Vermont Attorney General - The attorney general's office, plays an important role in protecting the state's citizens.
Vermont Secretary of State - Information on elections, businesses, licensing, and securities.
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development - Vermont
HOA INFORMATION AND DOCUMENTS
Association Records, Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 27A, § 3-118(b). All records outlined under section § 3-118(a) retained by an association must be available for examination and copying by a unit owner or the owner's authorized agent. Associations may withhold from inspection and copying documents outlined under sections § 3-118(c). An association may charge a reasonable fee for providing copies of any records under this section and supervise the unit owner's inspection. § 3-118(d). See also, § 1320 (Books of receipts and expenditures; availability for examination) for condominiums created before January 1, 1999, and Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 11B, §§ 16.01 to 16.05 (Records and Reports) for condominium and homeowner associations organized as nonprofit corporations.
Vermont Homeowners' Association Directory - Find an association's contact information, list of active board members, articles of incorporation, and important corporation information by searching for the subdivision or community name.
Vermont Recorded Document Search - Visit your county recorder's office to find HOA documents, like CC&Rs, Amendments, Bylaws, HOA Notices, Subdivision Maps, Plats, Recorded Land Surveys, Deeds, Deeds of Trust, Liens, and Judgments. Search under the subdivision or community name.
LEGAL RESOURCES
Vermont General Assembly - Search your state representative and the legislation (or, "statutory law") database.
Direct link to The Vermont Statutes Online
Vermont Judiciary - Find court information, self-help, forms, court documents, search cases, and legal opinions.
Vermont State Bar Association - The association provides public access to a lawyer directory, lawyer referral service, and free or low-cost legal services.
Vermont Legal Aid - The organization provides free civil legal services to low-income individuals, veterans, or the elderly.
Vermont Developmental Disabilities Services Division - The Division provides information, tools, and services for people with developmental disabilities and their families.
American Arbitration Association - Find alternative dispute resolution (ADR) information, tools, and services.